Motorists take heed. Vehicle components weakened by summer’s tough stop-and-go conditions could completely fail during the cold temperatures of winter, turning an inconvenience into a potentially deadly breakdown.

The Basics
Read the owner’s manual to become familiar with the various components and systems. Follow the recommended service schedules.

Housekeeping
Wash and wax your vehicle to protect its finish. Inspect lights and bulbs. Replace worn wiper blades; keep plenty of washer fluid on hand; carry emergency gear-a shovel, a blanket, boots, jumper cables, high-energy snacks, and a cell phone.

Battery
The only accurate way to detect a weak battery is with professional equipment. But do-it-yourselfers can handle routine care: scrape away corrosion from posts and cable connections, clean all surfaces, and re-tighten connections. (Be sure to wear eye protection and gloves.)

Engine Oil
The oil and filter should be changed as specified in your manual.

Cooling System
Flush and refill as recommended. The level, condition, and concentration of the anti-freeze should be checked periodically. Let the engine cool off before removing the radiator cap. The tightness and conditions of drive belts, clamps, and hoses should be checked by a pro.

Engine Performance
Problems with rough idling, hard starts, stalling, or diminished power should be corrected before cold weather sets in. Describe any changes in performance to a qualified technician.

Heater/Defroster
For comfort and safety, the heater and defroster must be in good working condition.

Tires
Rotate tires about every 5,000 miles. The air pressure should be checked once a month; let the tires "cool down" first. Examine tires for cuts and nicks, uneven wearing and cupping. Check the spare, too. Note that some of today’s body styles and tire packages are not compatible with tire chains.

Brakes
Brakes should be inspected as recommended in your manual, or sooner if you notice pulsations, grabbing, noises, or longer stopping distances.